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ﺑﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ
ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺪ ﻟﻠﻪ ﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻞ ﻓﻲ
ﻣﺤﻜﻢ ﺗﻨﺰﻳﻠﻪ
)ﻳَﺎ ﺃَﻳُﻬَﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦَ ﺁﻣَﻨُﻮﺍ ﺇﺫَﺍ ﻧُﻮﺩﻱَ ﻟﻠﺼَﻼَﺓ ﻣﻦْ
ﻳَﻮْﻡ ﺍﻟﺠُﻤﻌَﺔ ﻓﺎﺳﻌَﻮﺍ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺫﻛْﺮ ﺍﻟﻠَﻪ ﻭﺫَﺭُﻭﺍ
ﺍﻟﺒَﻴْﻊَ ﺫَﻟﻜُﻢْ ﺧَﻴﺮٌ ﻟَﻜُﻢُ ﺇﻥْ ﻛُﻨﺘُﻢْ ﺗَﻌْﻠَﻤُﻮﻥَ(
ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻴﺪﻧﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ
ﻭﺁﻟﻪ ﻭﺻﺤﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻞ " :ﺧَﻴْﺮُ ﺃَﻳَﺎﻣﻜُﻢ ﻳَﻮﻡُ
ﺍَﻟْﺠُﻤُﻌَﺔ"ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﻭﻭﺩ
ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻞ" :ﺧَﻴْﺮُ ﻳَﻮﻡ ﻃَﻠَﻌَﺖْ ﻋَﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻤْﺲُ
ﻳَﻮﻡُ ﺍﻟﺠُﻤُﻌﺔ"
ﻓﻠﻠﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﺁﺩﺍﺏ ﻭﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ
ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻏﺘﻨﺎﻡُ ﺍﻷﺟﺮ ﻓــﻴـــﻬﺎَ
ﻧﺬﻛﺮ ﺃﻫــﻤــﻬـﺎ.
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ﻓﻀﻞ ﺻﻼﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﺠﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ:
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ:
"ﺃَﻓْﻀﻞُ ﺍﻟﺼَّﻠﻮَﺍﺕ ﻋﻨْﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺻَﻼﺓُ ﺍﻟﺼُﺒْﺢ
ﻳَﻮﻡُ ﺍﻟﺠُﻤﻌَﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺟَﻤَﺎﻋَﺔ"
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ﻓﻀﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ:
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ:
"ﺃَﻛﺜﺮُﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻋﻠﻲَّ ﻳَﻮﻡَ ﺍﻟﺠُﻤﻌﺔ ﻭﻟﻴﻠﺔَ
ﺍﻟﺠُﻤﻌَﺔ."
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﻭﺳﻠﻢ": ﺇﻥ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﺃﻳﺎَﻣﻜُﻢ ﻳَﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺠُﻤﻌَﺔ،
ﻓﻴﻪ ﺧُﻠﻖَ ﺁﺩﻡ، ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﻗُﺒﺾَ، ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻨَّﻔﺨﺔ،
ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺼَّﻌﻘﺔ، ﻓﺄﻛْﺜﺮُﻭﺍ ﻋَﻠﻲّ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼَّﻼﺓ
ﻓﻴﻪ، ﻓﺈﻥَّ ﺻﻼﺗﻜﻢ ﻣَﻌْﺮُﻭﺿَﺔٌ ﻋَﻠﻲّ."
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ﺍﻟﻐﺴﻞ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ:
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﻭﺳﻠﻢ":ﺇﺫﺍ ﺟَﺎﺀ ﺃﺣﺪُﻛُﻢ ﺇﻟَﻰ ﺍﻟﺠُﻤﻌَﺔ
ﻓَﻠﻴﻐﺘﺴﻞ."
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ﻓﻀﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻦ ﻳﻮﻡ
ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ:
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﻭﺳﻠﻢ":ﻣَﻦْ ﺍﻏﺘﺴﻞَ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺠُﻤﻌﺔ، ﻭﻣﺲّ
ﻣﻦَ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺐ ﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟَﻪُ، ﻭﻟَﺒﺲَ ﻣﻦْ
ﺃﺣﺴَﻦ ﺛﻴﺎﺑﻪ،ﺛﻢ ﺧﺮﺝ ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻴﻨﺔ
ﺣﺘَﻰ ﻳﺄﺗﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪَ ﺛﻢ ﻳﺮﻛﻊ ﺇﻥْ ﺑﺪﺍ ﻟﻪُ،
ﻭﻟﻢ ﻳﺆﺫ ﺃﺣﺪًﺍ، ﺛﻢ ﺃﻧﺼﺖَ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺧﺮﺝ ﺇﻣﺎﻣﻪ
ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳُﺼﻠﻲ، ﻛﺎَﻧﺖْ ﻛﻔﺎَﺭﺓٌ ﻟﻤَﺎ ﺑﻴﻨﻬُﻤﺎَ."
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ﻓﻀﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻜﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺻﻼﺓ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ:
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ:
" ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺠُﻤﻌﺔ ﻭﻗﻔﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺋﻜﺔ
ﻋﻠَﻰ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻤَﺴﺠﺪْ ﻓﻴﻜﺘﺒُﻮﻥَ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ
ﻓﺎﻷﻭﻝ ﻓﻤﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻤُﻬَﺠﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻛﻤﺜﻞ
ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻬﺪﻱ ﺑَﺪَﻧﻪ ﺛﻢ ﻛﺎﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻬﺪﻱ ﺑﻘﺮﺓ ﺛﻢ
ﻛﺎﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻬﺪﻱ ﻛﺒﺸﺎً ﺛﻢ ﻛﺎﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻬﺪﻱ
ﺩﺟﺎﺟﺔ ﺛﻢ ﻛﺎﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻬﺪﻱ ﺑﻴﻀﺔ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺧﺮﺝ
ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﻭﻗﻌﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺒﺮ ﻃﻮﻭﺍ ﺻﺤﻔﻬﻢ
ﻭﺟﻠﺴﻮﺍ ﻳﺴﻤﻌﻮﻥُ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮَ."
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ﻣﻨﺎﻫﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ:
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ:
"ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﻠُﺖَ ﻟﺼﺎﺣﺒﻚَ ﺃﻧْﺼﺖْ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺠُﻤﻌﺔ
ﻭﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﻳﺨﻄُﺐ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻟَﻐَﻮْﺕَ." ﻭﺯﺍﺩ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ
ﻓﻲ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺘﻪ "ﻭﻣَﻦْ ﻟﻐﺎَ ﻓﻠﻴﺲَ ﻟﻪُ ﻓﻲ
ﺟُﻤﻌَﺘﻪ ﺗﻠﻚَ ﺷَﻲﺀٌ."
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ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺧﺮ:
ﻓﻘﺪ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻳﺘﺨﻄﻰ ﺭﻗﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻳﻮﻡ
ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ
ﻳﺨﻄﺐ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ "ﺍﺟﻠﺲ ﻓﻘﺪ
ﺁﺫﻳﺖ" ﻭﻓﻲ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺔ " ﺁﻧﻴﺖ" ﺃﻱ ﺃﺑﻄﺄﺕ
ﻭﺗﺄﺧﺮﺕ.
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ":
ﻻ ﻳﻘﻴﻤﻦ ﺃﺣﺪﻛﻢ ﺃَﺧَﺎﻩُ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﺛُﻢ
ﻳﺨﺎﻟُﻒ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻣﻘﻌﺪﻩ ﻓﻴﻘﻌﺪ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﻟﻴﻜُﻦ
ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻓﺴَﺤُﻮﺍ."
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ﻓﻀﻞ ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﻒ:
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﻭﺳﻠﻢ":ﻣﻦ ﻗَﺮﺃَ ﺳُﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻬْﻒ ﻳﻮﻡْ
ﺍﻟﺠُﻤﻌَﺔ ﺃﺿﺎﺀَ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣﻦَ ﺍﻟﻨُّﻮﺭ ﻣﺎَ ﺑﻴْﻦ
ﺍﻟﺠُﻤﻌﺘَﻴﻦ."
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ﻓﻀﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔــﻞ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ:
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻭﺭﺩ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ﺍﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺼﻠﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ
ﺭﻛﻌﺘﻴﻦ.
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﻭﺳﻠﻢ": ﺇﺫﺍ ﺟَﺎﺀ ﺃﺣﺪُﻛﻢ ﻳﻮْﻡ ﺍﻟﺠُﻤﻌَﺔ
ﻭﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡُ ﻳﺨﻄﺐ ﻓﻠﻴُﺼَﻞ ﺭَﻛﻌﺘﻴﻦ ﺛُﻢ
ﻟﻴﺠْﻠﺲ."
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ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻠﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ:
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﻭﺳﻠﻢ":ﻟﻴﻨﺘﻬﻴﻦَ ﺃﻗﻮﺍﻡٌ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺩﻋﻬﻢُ
ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﻟﻴﺨﺘﻤﻦَّ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻠﻮﺑﻬﻢْ
ﺛﻢ ﻟﻴﻜﻮﻧﻦَّ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻓﻠﻴﻦَ."
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ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﺗﻜﻔﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺌﺎﺕ:
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ:
"ﻣﻦْ ﻏﺴﻞَ ﻭﺍﻏﺘﺴﻞَ ﻳﻮﻡَ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻭﺑﻜَّﺮ
ﻭﺍﺑﺘﻜﺮ ﻭﺩﻧﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﻓﺄﻧﺼﺖ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻪ
ﺑﻜﻞ ﺧﻄﻮﺓ ﻳﺨﻄﻮﻫﺎ ﺻﻴﺎﻡ ﺳﻨﺔ ﻭﻗﻴﺎﻣﻬﺎ
ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻳﺴﻴﺮ."
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ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻻﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ:
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ:
"ﺇﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠُﻤﻌﺔ ﺳﺎﻋَﺔ ﻻ ﻳُﻮﺍﻓﻘﻬَﺎ ﻋﺒﺪ
ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻳُﺼﻠﻲ ﻳﺴﺄﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً
ﺇﻻ ﺃﻋْﻄﺎﻩُ ﺇﻳﺎﻩ، ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺑﻴﺪﻩ ﻳﻘﻠﻠﻬﺎ."
ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﻓﻌﻨﺪ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ
ﺍﺑﻲ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ )ﻫﻲ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺠﻠﺲ
ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﻀﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ( ﻭﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﺑﻲ
ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺋﻲ ) ﻓﺎﻟﺘﻤﺴﻮﻫﺎ ﺃﺧﺮ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ( ﻭﻓﻲ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ
ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ.
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ﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﺘﺎﻡ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ:
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ:
" ﻣَﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻳﻤﻮﺕُ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﺃﻭ
ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌَﺔ ﺇﻻ ﻭﻗﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻓﺘﻨﺔ
ﺍﻟﻘُﺒﺮ."
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ﻧﺴﺄﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻮﻓﻘﻨﺎ ﻭ ﺇﻳــــﺎﻛﻢ
ﻟﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻓﻼﺡ ﻭ ﺻﻼﺡ ﻭ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺮﺯﻗﻨﺎ
ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻳﻮﻡ
ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ
ﻭﺍﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﺩﻋﻮﺍﺗﻨﺎ ﻭﺍﻥ ﻳﻤﻴﺘﻨﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ...
ﺍﻥ ﺷﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ
*** ﺃﻳﻤﻦ ﺃﺑـــــﻮ ﺭﺍﺷـــــﺪ ﻳﺴﺄﻟﻜﻢ
ﺍﻟﺪﻋــــــــﺎﺀ ﻟــــﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺜﺒﺎﺕ***